Nhanganyaya
Paunenge uchigadzira makemikari nemidziyo yepetroleum, kuitira kuchengetedza nickel inodhura, simbi inowanzoiswa kune nickel uye alloys.
Matambudziko makuru e welding
Kana welding, izvo zvinonyanya kuumba weld isimbi uye nickel, iyo inokwanisa kusingaperi mutual solubility uye haigadziri intermetallic compounds. Kazhinji, nickel yemukati muweld yakakwira zvakanyanya, saka munzvimbo yefusion yejoini yakasungwa, hapana dhizaini yekuparadzira inoumbwa. Dambudziko guru rekushongedza ndiyo tsika yekubudisa porosity uye kupisa kunopisa mu weld.
1.Porosity
Simbi uye nickel uye alloys ayo kana welding, izvo zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kuumbwa kweporosity mu weld ndeye oxygen, nickel uye zvimwe alloying zvinhu.
① Mhedzisiro yeokisijeni. Welding, iyo mvura simbi inogona kunyungudutsa okisijeni yakawanda, uye okisijeni pakupisa kwakanyanya uye nickel oxidation, kuumbwa kweNiO, NiO inogona kuita nehydrogen uye kabhoni mune simbi yemvura kuti ibudise mhute yemvura uye kabhoni monoxide mumvura yakanyungudutswa kusimba, sekunonoka kunonoka kupukunyuka, kusara mu weld pakuumbwa kweporosity. Mune nickel yakachena uye Q235-A yakadzika arc welding yesimbi uye nickel weld, munyaya ye nitrogen uye hydrogen content haina kuchinja zvakanyanya, iyo yakakwirira yeokisijeni yemukati mu weld, iyo yakakwirira nhamba ye pores mu weld.
② Mhedzisiro yenickel. Mu iron-nickel weld, kunyungudika kweokisijeni musimbi uye nickel kwakasiyana, kunyungudika kweokisijeni mumvura nickel yakakura kupfuura iyo iri musimbi yemvura, nepo kunyungudika kweokisijeni munickel yakasimba idiki pane iri musimbi yakasimba, saka, kunyungudika kweokisijeni munickel crystallization yekuchinja kamwe kamwe kunonyanya kutaurwa kupfuura iyo yesimbi inongoerekana yashanduka. Nokudaro, tsika ye porosity mu weld apo Ni 15% ~ 30% idiki, uye kana Ni content yakakura, maitiro e porosity anowedzera kuwedzera kusvika 60% ~ 90%, uye chiyero chesimbi yakanyungudutswa inosungirwa kuderera, nokudaro zvichiita kuti tsika yekugadzira porosity iwedzere.
③ Kupesvedzera kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisa. Kana iyo iron-nickel weld iine manganese, chromium, molybdenum, aruminiyamu, titanium uye zvimwe zvinhu zvealloying kana zvinoenderana neiyo alloying, inogona kuvandudza weld anti-porosity, izvi zvinokonzerwa nemanganese, titanium uye aluminium, nezvimwewo vane basa re deoxygenation, nepo weld solidemu mukuvandudza simbi. Saka nickel uye 1Cr18Ni9Ti simbi isina tsvina weld anti-porosity pane nickel uye Q235-A simbi weld. Aluminium uye titanium inogonawo kugadzirisa nitrogen mumisanganiswa yakagadzikana, iyo inogonawo kuvandudza weld anti-porosity.
2. Kuputika kwemafuta
Simbi uye nickel uye alloys ayo mu weld, chikonzero chikuru chekupisa kwekupisa ndechokuti, nekuda kwepamusoro nickel weld ne dendritic sangano, mumucheto wezviyo zvakakasharara, yakanyungudutswa muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwekunyungudika kwe-co-crystals, nokudaro kuderedza kuwirirana pakati pezviyo, kuderedza weld metal crack resistance. Pamusoro pezvo, nickel yemukati mesimbi yeweld yakawandisa kuti simbi ye weld igadzire kutsemuka kwekushisa kune kukanganisa kukuru mu iron-nickel weld, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus uye humwe hutsvina pa weld thermal cracking tendency zvakare ine simba guru.
Paunenge uchishandisa okisijeni-isina flux, nekuda kwekuderera kwehutano hweokisijeni, sarufa, phosphorus uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza zvinosvibisa mu weld, kunyanya kuderera kwehuwandu hweokisijeni, kuitira kuti kuwanda kwekuputika kuderedzwa zvikuru. Nekuti iyo yakanyungudutswa dziva crystallization, okisijeni uye nickel inogona kuumba Ni + NiO eutectic, eutectic tembiricha ye1438 ℃, uye okisijeni inogonawo kusimbisa zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nesarufa. Saka kana mweya weokisijeni muweld wakakwira, tsika yekutsemuka kwemafuta inokura.
Mn, Cr, Mo, Ti, Nb uye mamwe maalloying elements, anogona kuvandudza kuputika kupikisa kwe weld metal.Mn, Cr, Mo, Ti, Nb ndeye metamorphic agent, inogona kunatsiridza sangano re weld, uye inogona kukanganisa kutungamirirwa kwekristalllization yayo.Al, Ti zvakare iine simba deoxidizing agent, inogona kuderedza kuwanda kweokisijeni muMyn S, iyo Sfractor yeMS inogona kuderedza uwandu hweokisijeni mumhando yeMS reld. inoderedza zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nesarufa.
Mechanical properties ye welded joints
Iyo mechanic zvimiro zvesimbi-nickel welding majoini ane hukama nekuzadza simbi zvinhu uye welding paramita. Kana welding yakachena nickel uye yakaderera kabhoni simbi, apo Ni yakaenzana muweld iri pasi pe30%, pasi pekukurumidza kutonhora kweiyo weld, chimiro chemartensite chichaonekwa muweld, zvichiita kuti plastiki uye kuoma kwejoini kudonha zvakanyanya. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane purasitiki iri nani uye kuoma kwejoini, iyo Ni yakaenzana musimbi-nickel weld inofanira kunge yakakura kupfuura 30%.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-10-2025